Seal type the mechanical seal shown in the pump photograph is a type 1 mechanical seal. The three types of flow through a centrifugal pump are radial flow, axial flow, and mixed flow. Pumps are in general classified as centrifugal pumps or rotodynamic pumps and positive displacement pumps. It is common in woodworking, metalworking, and other similar trade and hobby tasks. As such, the practical operation of a component is timebased function. Chapter 22 pumps, fans, blowers, and compressors keith marchildon keith marchildon chemical process design, inc. Khalil encyclopedia of life support systems eolss 1. The rotor rotating element, is made up of the following main components. Type of pumps pump application pump basics 2 presentations. Various types of mechanical pumps are presented together with their pumping mechanisms and main characteristics.
When occurring in pump, damage to impellers, premature wear, loss of head bernouliis equation between start of pipe, pump unknown v in pump represented by net positive suction head npsh on manufacturers pump curves to prevent. In this type, the cylinder block and drive shaft are located on the same centerline. Know and understand centrifugal pumps \ r i \ suction piping. Chances are the piece of equipment will fail during off hours or close to the end of the normal workday. This force acting inside the pump is the same one that keeps water inside a bucket that is rotating at the end of a string. The impeller of a centrifugal pump can be of three types. These files are available in bastard and smooth grade. Viking pump a unit of idex corporation cedar falls, ia 2007 section 630 page 630. Centrifugal pump basics ppt mechanical engineering home. Mechanical seals explained the basics mechanical seals are leakage control devices, which are found on rotating equipment such as pumps and mixers to prevent the leakage of liquids and gases from escaping into the environment. Pumps and pumping system bureau of energy efficiency 1 syllabus pumps and pumping system.
As for the bearings, a forced lubricating type is used. The two main types are the piston pump and the rotaryvane pump. Positive displacement rotary pumps can be grouped into three main types. Pumps operate via many energy sources, including manual operation, electricity, engines, or wind power, come in many sizes, from. A pump displaces a volume by physical or mechanical action. Centrifugal pumps can also be constructed in a manner that results in two distinct volutes, each receiving the liquid that is discharged from a 180. You created this pdf from an application that is not licensed to print to novapdf. Improving pumping system performance acknowledgements this second edition of improving pumping system performance. The vanes are located between the two discs, all in a single casting. Pdf centrifugal pump handbook by sulzer pumps limited book. These types of files are used for delicate, light kinds of work.
Since pumps have been around for such a long time, it is no. The three types of flow through a centrifugal pump are radial flow, axial flow, and mixed. Fundamentals of fluid mechanics chapter 12 pumps and turbines. The pistons are connected to a shoe plate that bears against an angled swash plate. Turbomachines are mechanical devices that either extract energy from a fluid turbine or add energy to a fluid pump as a result of dynamic interactions between the device and the fluid.
The pump cannot suck on or draw the liquid into the pump. A pump is a device which moves fluids by mechanical action, from one place to the other. Chapter 5 types of maintenance programs us department of energy. Develop pressure by increasing the velocity of the liquid.
Peerless pump company indianapolis in, 462077026 technical information bulletin number five the importance of complete evaluation of the mechanical design of centrifugal pumps until recent years, centrifugal pumps had mechanical designs based more on intuition and general appearance than a systematic integration of all of the factors involved. Department of energys industrial technologies program itp and the hydraulic institute hi. Mechanical engineering types and performance of pumps and compressors essam e. Both are able to exhaust gas at atmospheric pressure and their typical main characteristics are. Mechanical vacuum pumps developed and used from the mid 20th century to the present day will be discussed after some basic vacuum concepts. If one were to graph the failure rate a component population versus time, it is likely the graph would take the bathtub shape shown in figure 5. Figures 3 and 4 show a typical centrifugal pump for low specific speeds of order n 1 or less. In case of injury, fire or equipmentdifficulty, the telephone will provide facility to obtain proper assistance as rapidly as possible. Pump in this category are simple with one cylinder or more. The combination of these elements to construct a roughing station is discussed in.
It is, essentially, the earliest form of machine, dating back to ancient egypt. Common types check non return valves check valves or non return valves are designed to ensure one way flow only. Hydraulic pump motor division hydraulic flow is developed as the pump rotating group is driven by a prime mover hydraulic pump basics fluid is forced out of pump at the pump outlet a partial vacuum is created at the pump inlet and atmospheric pressure forces fluid into pump from the reservoir. Fundamentals of fluid mechanics chapter 12 pumps and. Figure 1 shows a typical centrifugal pump, which highlights its constituent parts, including the mechanical seal. In the igure the y axis represents the failure rate and the x axis is time. Centrifugal pump handbook book pdf by sulzer pumps limited this longawaited new edition is the complete reference for engineers and designers working on pump design and development or using centrifugal pumps in the field.
Kingston, ontario david mody fluor canada kingston, ontario 1 introduction to fluid movers 717 2 liquid movers pumps 718 2. Mechanical engineering shortcourse this course is prepared for 3 rd mechanical and civil engineering students, at beirut arab university. The fluid must be available to the pump with sufficient energy so that the pump can work with the fluids energy. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link. Centrifugal pumps develop pressure by increasing the velocity of the liquid liquid is literally flung out of the cutwater. Some valves are capable of throttling flow, other valve types can only stop flow, others work well in corrosive systems, and others handle high pressure fluids. Types, performance evaluation, efficient system operation, flow control strategies and energy conservation opportunities 6. A pump is a device that moves fluids liquids or gases, or sometimes slurries, by mechanical. One of the greatest advantages of a centrifugal pump is that it has very few moving parts which minimises mechanical problems and energy losses due to friction. Pump maintenance michigan water environment association. The key idea is that the energy created by the centrifugal force is kinetic energy. Pumps of this type are called double volute pumps they may also be referred to a split volute pumps. It is a hydraulic machine which converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy. The vanes are free on one side and enclosed on the other.
Basics concepts of operation, maintenance, and troubleshooting, part i. Needle files are usually available in sets with assorted shapes. Centrifugal pumps rotodynamic pumps the centrifugal or rotodynamic pump produce a head and a flow by increasing the velocity of the liquid through the machine with the help of the rotating vane impeller. This pump can either be an overhung type or betweenbearing type but is always a radially split case pump. The shaduf is the first device used for lifting water in several civilisations and thus the earliest form of pump. In a radial flow pump, the liquid enters at the center of the impeller and is directed out along the impeller blades in a direction at right angles to the pump shaft. Further, the most used materials as well as different types of corrosion are. Types positive displacement pumps a lobe pump a positive displacement pump causes a fluid to move by trapping a fixed amount of it then forcing displacing that trapped volume into the discharge. Centrifugal pumps the centrifugal pump produces a head and a flow by increasing the velocity of the liquid through the machine with the help of a rotating vane impeller. Centrifugal pumps are designed for optimal operation in their design point, i. Viking universal seal pumps series 124a, 4124a, 124ae, 4124ae. The most common check valve is the disc type horizontal or vertical. Probably the most widely recognized and also most common mechanical seal used in general service, low pressure applications.
Request pdf pump types a small, electrically powered pump a large, electrically driven. The flow enters the pump axially figure 3, enters the impeller. The impeller has a uniform blade length, b, of 2 in. Mechanical pumps in mechanical pumps, the gas present in a vacuum system is transferred from a low pressure to a higher pressure region. Turbomachines are mechanical devices that either extract. Each type of valve has been designed to meet specific needs. Most are hand tools, made of a case hardened steel bar of rectangular, square, triangular, or round crosssection, with one or more surfaces cut with sharp, generally parallel teeth.
At utex, we refer to this type as rs1 the assembly shown in the pump is configured with a. A file is a tool used to remove fine amounts of material from a workpiece. The shapes are round edge, flat edge, flat taper, half round, triangular, square, round, knife. The concept of the fluid being available to the pump is discussed in detail in chapter 2 of this book.
Positive displacement pumps allow liquid to flow into an open cavity trap the liquid in the pump transport liquid from the suction to discharge port mechanically force liquid out of the pump. When the sealing is achieved by means of packing, the chamber is. Telephone is an essential feature in a pump house, as it will enable the operator to maintain contact with the main office. Each valve type has certain inherent advantages and disadvantages.
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